Murallas de Pamplona Monument · Pamplona/Iruña, Comarca de Pamplona, Navarra A defensive system built between the 16th and 18th centuries following Navarre's incorporation into the Crown of Castile, when the city needed fortifications capable of withstanding artillery. In the late 19th century the Primer Ensanche (first city expansion) tore down part of the wall and two bastions of the Citadel, and in 1915 the entire southern front of the enclosure was removed. The surviving complex was listed as a monumento nacional ('national monument', an earlier Spanish heritage protection category) on 25 September 1939. Today almost the whole of it can be walked as a panoramic route overlooking the Pamplona basin. Photo: José Antonio Larrasoaña Zunzarren from Pamplona, Navarra (CC BY 2.0) What to see and do in Pamplona/Iruña